Portfolio entry #4: Speech Acts

The British linguist J.L. Austin defines speech acts as words which are actions. Besides, he makes a distinction between two separate parts of speech. The first one is constative, in which sentences describe something that is true or false, for instance, If I say “I do not steal the bag” it is a constative statement that could be declared valid or not. The second one is performative, which refers to sentences that perform an action. Hence, they are meant to inspire actions rather than convey a message, they act upon the word. Consequently, the performative should have proper authority, be understood, clear, and be able to be executed. Therefore, If you do not pay attention to the performative, you have to suffer the consequences, for example, If I say “Don´t say that” It is clear that I am ordering someone not to speak anymore and if he continues, he will probably be punished. That is why J, L Austin considers that constative “is” and a performative “does”.

Glenney Boggs, C. (n.d.). Speech acts: Constative and performative - Colleen Glenney Boggs. Retrieved from TED Ed. Last visited: May 29th, 2020. Available at: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/speech-acts-constative-and-performative-colleen-glenney-boggs#watch

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